The argument in this article about supply and demand in relation to inflation is spot-on. As for supplying the economy with money, as it happens I have developed a paradigm in which the amount of money (as currency) that would be supplied to the economy would be determined by demographics--and nothing else. It can be thought of as a kind of permanent 'quantitative easing' for 'the people' with built-in protections against inflation. (The linked article is here in Medium, but not behind the paywall.)