I appreciate your going to the trouble to read the linked article. I would very much like to engage your questions, but if you aren't really interested I really don't care to waste my time.

I'll go ahead and briefly address the first one. It takes our understanding of justice "beyond Liberalism" in three ways: because the latter contains no explicit ethic (though, as you agree, mutual respect can be inferred from a belief in equality); because it follows from an observation within material existence, not purely subjective, totally arbitrary (from the point of view of other people belief--though I understand that that in itself is a question for you); and because "effecting choices" provides a finite domain for justice, as opposed to the unlimited implications of liberty and equality. That allows mutual respect to be applied to the economy (specifically money/incomes) in a way that transcends the contest of power between liberty and equality and breaks completely new ground beyond politically 'left'/'right' approaches to outcomes for society related to the economy.